•Provide a definition of a ‘spatial data model’•Explain how spatial entities are used to create a data model•Distinguish between rasters and vectors•Describe a spatial data structure•Explain what topology is•List the advantages and disadvantages of different types of spatial models

•Differentiate between relational database management systems (RDBMS), databases, and data files.

•Explain why we select the database approach for GIS

•Define what a relational database is

•Describe how databases are created

•Describe GIS database applications