The introduction of the paper could include an overview of what the term “art” and “science” mean with examples. paragraph2- what issues are relevant to unions can be considered an art or a science. Specifically such labor issues including wages, benefits, working conditions and job security. Based upon these issues, people might join a union because of a current dissatisfaction. A more scientific person will consider the cost of membership compared to the potential benefits for union membership. paragraph3- According to the comprehensive labor relations, employees have certain rights. These rights refer to nonsupervisory workers who are guaranteed the recognition and bargaining rights. These could be considered absolute rights. Paragraph4- Meanwhile, the courts have also recognized certain employer rights. Regardless it is for the employee or the employer, there is a legal or objective rationale for these rights. For the employer, these rights include the following: determine the nature of work, determine how the work to be performed – (efficiency and effectiveness), recruit employees, hire employees, promote employees, or terminate employees. Paragraph5- During the negotiations, there will be certain pieces of information which can be objectively proven true or false. Such information usually relates to financial data. At the same time, it must be emphasized that unions could sometimes be successful by applying more artistic approaches. For example, unions could consider lobbying efforts. Additionally, union leaders try to ascertain support by aligning themselves with the elected leaders. Finally, unions attempt to win approval by connecting to the public. Paragraph6- For the next slide, the “art” or “science” aspect of labor relations can be determined, based upon the response of certain questions. First, you can establish a quantitative or scientific approach to determine whether the private sector or public sector has more flexibility with an increase for wages. Additionally, you could objectively determine if unions protect jobs at the expense of others. Both of the questions can be answered with a less rational response. This would be more like an art. Paragraph7- For this slide, the merit system can be viewed in an objective manner. Specifically, the merit system is supposed to promote an objective system during labor relations. This is especially true during hiring, promoting, and retaining employees. Paragraph8- At the same time, there might be opinions which can suggest that the merit system is not always a good thing. For example, management might believe that their authority is limited and even compromised because of the merit system. Management might not, in reality, able to control the hiring, promoting, and terminating processes. Paragraph9- Now, strikes would be evaluated. Workers might impress the public by reacting to the situation with emotions. Meanwhile, management, could demonstrate a more scientific approach by being more proactive in this process. Paragraph10- The following approaches are alternatives to resolve impasses: Mediation, Fact – Finding, and Arbitration. Theoretically, such decisions should be guided by objective criteria. This scientific approach could be compromised by more emotional strategies by management or the labor unions. Paragraph11- The possibility for employees to file a grievance might suggest that labor contracts could be interpreted differently. This implies that there is no absolute truth and there are emotional considerations. Paragraph12- Finally, the reform debate in labor unions cannot always be viewed objectively since each side might use a cherry-picking strategy. Paragraph 13- For a conclusion, you can determine whether it is an overall advantage or disadvantage to the public that labor relations can be viewed as either an art or a science. ******Please only use website links***** with website URL in the reference page