What kind of leadership do we need to enable humanity to move to a more sustainable future?

What kind of leadership do we need to enable humanity to move to a more sustainable future? One of the most important challenges for the world is to move to clearer production, consumption and energy generation. What kind of leadership do we need to enable humanity to move to a more sustainable future? Write an essay in response to the questions below. The essay should be from 700-1000 words in length. Make sure you use theory to support your arguments and answers. – What is sustainable development? – Why is sustainable development important to humanity at the present time? – What is the role of leadership in promoting sustainable development? – Identify three leaders who have or are making a difference in our move towards sustainable development. – What leadership skills are needed in order to support sustainable development? – How can we develop leaders to become more sustainable in their thinking and actions? – Do you think there is enough leadership that values sustainability? – What can be done to encourage sustainable leadership to emerge?

Identify whether the police had the right to go into the bedroom when relying on exigent circumstances.

Prior to beginning your written assignment, read Kim’s Fourth Amendment (https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/fourth_amendment) article, Machado’s Fourth Amendment article (attached), view the Fourth Amendment: Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement (Part I) (https://lawshelf.com/videos/entry/fourth-amendment-exceptions-to-the-warrant-requirement-part-i/) and the Fourth Amendment: Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement Part II) (https://lawshelf.com/videos/entry/fourth-amendment-warrant-requirement-exceptions-part-ii/) videos, and review the Supreme Court Opinion synopses. You may want to review the recommended resource, Fourth Amendment Remedies as Rights: The Warrant Requirement article, for a more complete understanding of the Fourth Amendment and remedies for its violation.

Read the following case scenario:

Linda Rhodes and her boyfriend, Joe Marshall, were arrested as a result of a drug raid. Linda was making dinner for her children, who were with her in the kitchen, and Joe, who was in the living room, when the police, led by Sgt. Rick Rodgers, broke down her door. Linda owns the house. Joe has no ownership interest in the house but has been living there for the last year. The police found several ounces of cocaine, packaging material, scales, and a large amount of currency in small denominations in Linda and Joe’s bedroom. The cocaine was found in a dresser drawer, but the rest of the items were on the bed in plain view. Both Linda and Joe were charged with possession of cocaine with the intent to distribute it.

Joe Marshall has been arrested twice before for drug offenses. The first arrest was three years ago when he was charged with intent to sell, to which he pled guilty to possession and received five years’ probation. The second arrest was six months ago; however, the case was dropped for lack of evidence when the police evidence room lost the drugs.

Joe was also arrested three times for domestic violence: five years ago and three years ago against his former wife, and three months ago for beating Linda. All the cases were dropped when the victims refused to testify.

Linda has been arrested twice, eight and five years ago, for possession of marijuana. The first case was dropped when she identified her dealer. She pled guilty to the second charge and received one year of probation.

Linda works for a maid service, cleaning private homes. Joe has no known employment and claims to be a musician. Linda’s income from the maid service is the only known source of income for the household.

On the day in question, the police broke down the door without knocking or announcement. There was no other damage to the house, but the house was turned “upside down.” The police properly collected and tagged all of the evidence and immediately transferred it to the police evidence room. Both Joe and Linda claim to have no knowledge of the cocaine.

The police questioned Linda’s daughters, Sally (age 3) and Sara (age 9). Sally was crying and had no coherent statement about the incident. Sara told the police that she saw Joe with the “white powder” and that he said it was for a bubble bath and a surprise for mommy and that Sara should “keep it secret.”

An informant told Sgt. Rodgers about the cocaine. The informant’s name was not revealed, but he has provided reliable information in the past. The police were watching the house while waiting for a warrant. They claim they heard screams and decided to enter the house due to the knowledge that young children were in the house. The warrant was delivered one hour later.

Research Fourth Amendment cases involving searches, warrants, and exigent circumstances.

In your paper,

– Define probable cause and its relationship to determining the legality of a search.
– Explain the purpose and application of the exclusionary rule.
– Identify whether Joe had legal standing to object to the search.
– Describe whether the cash, packaging material, and scales admissible at trial if the police rely on exigent circumstances.
– Explain whether the evidence of the cocaine is admissible at trial.
– Identify whether the police had the right to go into the bedroom when relying on exigent circumstances.

Examine the main controversies surrounding the gang problem and the NYS 2018 policy initiative to address the issue.

Final Policy Paper (CJ-400)

The Department of Justice in December 2019, announced charges against 96 people accused of being members or associates of the violent MS-13 street gang in New York. Law enforcement called it the largest takedown of the criminal group in state history. The charges include 77 counts of murder and assault, as well as gang assault, firearm sales and possession and drug trafficking on Long Island (U.S. News, December 20, 2019).

In the past, New York state had invested millions of dollars in efforts to crack down on MS-13 and gang recruitment on Long Island. In October 2018, for example, “Gov. Andrew Cuomo traveled to Brentwood to announce a $20 million fund to combat MS-13 gang violence. Three-quarters of the money was dedicated to building a new community center to provide recreational and educational services for area teens. The rest was for better lighting and security at local parks, workforce training and mental health services for youth, and law enforcement technology. Cuomo said the funding is part of a broader effort to take on gangs like MS-13”. (News 12 Long Island, October 30, 2018)

Assignment:

The office of Gov. Cuomo has invited you to serve as a consultant to critically review their 2018 gang control policy and design a new proposal to more effectively combat MS-13. Please write a critical paper, approximately 7 pages (APA style).

You have as consultants to you all of the theorists we have studied this semester.

Beccaria, Bentham- Free Will- Deterrence Theory
Marx, Quinney, Reiman- Social Conflict Theory
Wilson-Biological Theory
Hirschi, Gottfredsson- Social Control and Self Control Theories
Gluecks, Wolfgang, Sampson and Laub- Developmental and Life Course Theories
Von Hirsch, Fogel- Just Deserts Theory
Martinson, Gilbert, Cullen- Rehabilitation
Zehr, Braitwait- Restorative Justice
Adler, Chesney-Lind, Daly-Feminist Criminology
Welch- Prison Industrial Complex
Clear- Penal Harm, Collateral Consequences

You must address the following:

Examine the main controversies surrounding the gang problem and the NYS 2018 policy initiative to address the issue. Which of the above criminology theorists’ positions from throughout this course would be supported by this policy? Summarize the assumptions of the applicable theories. Which of the above criminology theorists’ positions from throughout this course would be rejected? Why? Summarize their assumptions. (30%)

2. Critically evaluate the Governor’s 2018 policy. What remaining questions do you have? What approaches may have been ignored? What additional theory or approach would you suggest to guide the policy agenda? Summarize the assumptions of these additional theories? (20%)

3. Propose, create, and design an alternative policy suggestion to address the gang problem and its consequences. What other recommendations would you make to advance a solution to this problem? (20%)

4. Find a minimum of 5 peer reviewed research articles. Present the scholarly research and summarize the authors’ main findings. Now convert this into a policy recommendation for the Governor’s office. What are the pros and cons of your policy? (30%)

Watch the movie “Selma” 2014 and write a synopsis about and connect the movie to my classes key concepts. such as community organization.

Watch the movie “Selma” 2014 and write a synopsis about and connect the movie to my classes key concepts. such as community organization. In your own words, describe the many skills of an effective community organizer.
They can:
Build coalitions & partnerships
Anticipate and address ethical issues
Select and cut an issue
Engage tools such as the Midwest Strategy Chart and Power Maps to analyze targets, power dynamics, and potential tactics
Conduct media advocacy using social media, with ability to prepare op-eds and press releases
Pay attention to self-care in order to not burn out![a]
On the first day of class, we discussed how the term ‘community’ has many definitions. Very briefly explain at least 2 different ways that community can be defined with an example for each. (See slide #5; Minkler, p. 40)
1) Functional spatial units meeting basic needs for sustenance
2) Units of patterned social interaction
3) [b]
Community organizing was officially defined as a concept in the early 1800s, and its frameworks, models, strategies and tactics have evolved ever since. What were early social movements led by community organizers?
The early social movements led by community organizers in the early 1800s were the Settlement movement, the Lowell Mill Walkout movement, the Populist movement, and the Newsboys Strike of 1899 movement.
The early social movements led by community organizers in the 1900s were the Labor and Workers rights movement, the Children’s Crusade movement, the Civil Rights movement, Anti-war movement, Feminism, LGBTQ movement, the marriage equality movement, and the Healthy Cities movement.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZING THEORIES & MODELS (1/24)
Key Concepts (1/24)
Conscious contrarian (p. 10):
Definition: There are 3 components that identify a conscious contrarian:
A particular world view or set of beliefs and values about people and society
Power analysis that rejects the dominant way of thinking about power and how power is distributed
A deliberate selection of work that is consistent with the other two
Example: Some health educators, social workers, and other social change professionals may be described as conscious contrarians; they engage in community organizing and community building. They also are concerned with justice, fairness, and the application of democratic principles.
Empowerment (p.45):
Definition: A process in which a group of individuals or communities take control of their lives and environment.
Example/Application: Zaman International in the Dearborn/Dearborn Heights community aims to teach women how to support themselves in their communities and how to take care of their families by providing ESL classes, cooking classes, and sewing classes. They hope to not only educate them but also provide them with skills that may allow them to find jobs by working in their homes or in the workforce.
Critical consciousness (p.45):
Definition: A consciousness based on reflection and action in making change. (See Freire.)
Example: Engage people in dialogue that links root causes and community. La Casa can facilitate clients in achieving critical consciousness. They can help participants to share their experiences, identifying oppressive systems and solutions that may address the issues that face their community.
Community capacity (p.45):
Definition: Community characteristics affecting its ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems.
Example: Community campaign where leaders, doctors, nurses, and combined effort to get individuals vaccinated. This could change the overall health of the community. [c]
Issue selection (p.45):
Definition: Identifying specific and winnable targets of change that unify and build community strength. Identify issues through specific targets of change community participation; that unify and build decide targets as part of a community strength larger strategy (See More: ‘Cutting & Selecting’ Issues)
Example: Community groups can use a variety of methods to obtain data for issue selection, including analysis of available secondary data; and face-to-face processes, such as focus groups, door-to-door surveys, town halls, and others, which assess felt needs, increase the sense of participation, and ensure relevance to the community
Participation & relevance[d] (p.45):
Definition: Participation of community in different areas of the organization. This creates awareness of how things are going for the people affected, and it increases the quality of the work because the people are working for the benefit of themselves and their community.
Example: Community members taking an active role in any event or plan that is being undertaken. Playing critical roles in implementation and development to better understand what is going on and increase the accountability of the plan.
Cultural humility (p. 6 & elsewhere):
Definition: ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented (open to the other) in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to that person. A process of reflection and lifelong inquiry involves self-awareness of personal and cultural biases as well as awareness and sensitivity to significant cultural issues of others.
Example:[e] Ask questions in a humble, safer manner, seek self-awareness, suspend judgment, express empathy, kindness, and compassion, support and maintain a welcoming environment for all community members, and start where the member is at.
Praxis (p. 67 & elsewhere):
Define: “Liberation Education has at its core the Freirian concept of praxis – the fusion of theory (or reflection) and action that people engage in to create personal and community change. Praxis both feeds and results from the process of critical consciousness.”(Minkler pp.67)
Example: The Parkland student activists are an example of young people engaging with each other and with the larger online community to reflect on a shared traumatic experience. The result of these reflections and conversations are found in actions such as student protests and demonstrations.
Social capital (p. 9):
Definition: It is a network of relationships ( people who live in a particular society) enabling the society to function effectively.
Example: Healthy Dearborn coalition aims to create a culture of health in Dearborn where everyone enjoys access to a healthy lifestyle.[f]
What book captures the basic tenets of Alinsky’s approach to organizing? What book captures the basic tenets of Freire’s approach to organizing?
The book that captures the basic tenets of Alinsky’s approach to organizing is called Rules for Radicals
The book that captures the basic tenets of Freire’s approach to organizing is Pedagogy of the Oppressed
What are the three types of organizing according to Rothman’s framework? Pick a specific issue. Can you provide an example of each?
The Rothman consist of the three distinct but overlapping models of practice:
Community capacity development (Locality development)
Social planning and policy (Social planning)
Social advocacy action (Social action)
For community capacity development it stresses on the consensus and cooperation, building group identity, and problem solving. The power resides with the people.
Social planning planning example would be the use of data and rational empirical problem solving while also making room for new approaches.
For social advocacy action it emphasizes pressure tactics such as confrontation.[g]
Pick a social issue in your community that you would like to address. What is a related policy you would campaign for to address this issue? Describe an Alinksy- vs. a Freire-based organizing approach to policy advocacy. Explain why the strategies you provide align with the respective organizer’s approach.

Pick a social issue in your community that you would like to address. What is a related policy you would campaign for to address this issue?

you must watch the film Cesar Chavez (2014) and give a quick synopsis and discuss my class course concepts sucks as community organization, and how they empowered communities to push for a change. I provided a list of my classes course concepts you must watch the movie.

In your own words, describe the many skills of an effective community organizer.
They can:
Build coalitions & partnerships
Anticipate and address ethical issues
Select and cut an issue
Engage tools such as the Midwest Strategy Chart and Power Maps to analyze targets, power dynamics, and potential tactics
Conduct media advocacy using social media, with ability to prepare op-eds and press releases
Pay attention to self-care in order to not burn out![a]
On the first day of class, we discussed how the term ‘community’ has many definitions. Very briefly explain at least 2 different ways that community can be defined with an example for each. (See slide #5; Minkler, p. 40)
1) Functional spatial units meeting basic needs for sustenance
2) Units of patterned social interaction
3) [b]
Community organizing was officially defined as a concept in the early 1800s, and its frameworks, models, strategies and tactics have evolved ever since. What were early social movements led by community organizers?
The early social movements led by community organizers in the early 1800s were the Settlement movement, the Lowell Mill Walkout movement, the Populist movement, and the Newsboys Strike of 1899 movement.
The early social movements led by community organizers in the 1900s were the Labor and Workers rights movement, the Children’s Crusade movement, the Civil Rights movement, Anti-war movement, Feminism, LGBTQ movement, the marriage equality movement, and the Healthy Cities movement.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZING THEORIES & MODELS (1/24)
Key Concepts (1/24)
Conscious contrarian (p. 10):
Definition: There are 3 components that identify a conscious contrarian:
A particular world view or set of beliefs and values about people and society
Power analysis that rejects the dominant way of thinking about power and how power is distributed
A deliberate selection of work that is consistent with the other two
Example: Some health educators, social workers, and other social change professionals may be described as conscious contrarians; they engage in community organizing and community building. They also are concerned with justice, fairness, and the application of democratic principles.
Empowerment (p.45):
Definition: A process in which a group of individuals or communities take control of their lives and environment.
Example/Application: Zaman International in the Dearborn/Dearborn Heights community aims to teach women how to support themselves in their communities and how to take care of their families by providing ESL classes, cooking classes, and sewing classes. They hope to not only educate them but also provide them with skills that may allow them to find jobs by working in their homes or in the workforce.
Critical consciousness (p.45):
Definition: A consciousness based on reflection and action in making change. (See Freire.)
Example: Engage people in dialogue that links root causes and community. La Casa can facilitate clients in achieving critical consciousness. They can help participants to share their experiences, identifying oppressive systems and solutions that may address the issues that face their community.
Community capacity (p.45):
Definition: Community characteristics affecting its ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems.
Example: Community campaign where leaders, doctors, nurses, and combined effort to get individuals vaccinated. This could change the overall health of the community. [c]
Issue selection (p.45):
Definition: Identifying specific and winnable targets of change that unify and build community strength. Identify issues through specific targets of change community participation; that unify and build decide targets as part of a community strength larger strategy (See More: ‘Cutting & Selecting’ Issues)
Example: Community groups can use a variety of methods to obtain data for issue selection, including analysis of available secondary data; and face-to-face processes, such as focus groups, door-to-door surveys, town halls, and others, which assess felt needs, increase the sense of participation, and ensure relevance to the community
Participation & relevance[d] (p.45):
Definition: Participation of community in different areas of the organization. This creates awareness of how things are going for the people affected, and it increases the quality of the work because the people are working for the benefit of themselves and their community.
Example: Community members taking an active role in any event or plan that is being undertaken. Playing critical roles in implementation and development to better understand what is going on and increase the accountability of the plan.
Cultural humility (p. 6 & elsewhere):
Definition: ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented (open to the other) in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to that person. A process of reflection and lifelong inquiry involves self-awareness of personal and cultural biases as well as awareness and sensitivity to significant cultural issues of others.
Example:[e] Ask questions in a humble, safer manner, seek self-awareness, suspend judgment, express empathy, kindness, and compassion, support and maintain a welcoming environment for all community members, and start where the member is at.
Praxis (p. 67 & elsewhere):
Define: “Liberation Education has at its core the Freirian concept of praxis – the fusion of theory (or reflection) and action that people engage in to create personal and community change. Praxis both feeds and results from the process of critical consciousness.”(Minkler pp.67)
Example: The Parkland student activists are an example of young people engaging with each other and with the larger online community to reflect on a shared traumatic experience. The result of these reflections and conversations are found in actions such as student protests and demonstrations.
Social capital (p. 9):
Definition: It is a network of relationships ( people who live in a particular society) enabling the society to function effectively.
Example: Healthy Dearborn coalition aims to create a culture of health in Dearborn where everyone enjoys access to a healthy lifestyle.[f]
What book captures the basic tenets of Alinsky’s approach to organizing? What book captures the basic tenets of Freire’s approach to organizing?
The book that captures the basic tenets of Alinsky’s approach to organizing is called Rules for Radicals
The book that captures the basic tenets of Freire’s approach to organizing is Pedagogy of the Oppressed
What are the three types of organizing according to Rothman’s framework? Pick a specific issue. Can you provide an example of each?
The Rothman consist of the three distinct but overlapping models of practice:
Community capacity development (Locality development)
Social planning and policy (Social planning)
Social advocacy action (Social action)
For community capacity development it stresses on the consensus and cooperation, building group identity, and problem solving. The power resides with the people.
Social planning planning example would be the use of data and rational empirical problem solving while also making room for new approaches.
For social advocacy action it emphasizes pressure tactics such as confrontation.[g]
Pick a social issue in your community that you would like to address. What is a related policy you would campaign for to address this issue? Describe an Alinksy- vs. a Freire-based organizing approach to policy advocacy. Explain why the strategies you provide align with the respective organizer’s approach.

True or False: Freire advocated for a banking system of education, in which teachers are facilitators. False[h]

Which groups did Alinsky work closely with early in his career as an organizer? Which groups did Freire work closely with early in his career as an organizer?
Alinsky worked with juveniles and worked with groups in industrial Chicago
Freire worked with
Describe the components of the Midwest Strategy Chart. How is it used? Can you think of an example of when this would be a useful tool? [i]
Goals (long-term objectives of a campaign)
Organizational Considerations (resources, problems that must be considered within the campaign)
Constituents, Allies, Opponents
Targets [j]- generally a person, who can help you achieve what you would like to do?
Tactics
Organizers are strategic in selecting which tactics to use and when to use them to achieve their goals. Keep in mind that these tactics and how they are applied may reflect different organizing styles (think: Alinsky, Freire, Rothman). List several organizing tactics with examples of when they have been used by various social movements.
PARTNERSHIPS & COALITIONS/ETHICS OF ORGANIZING (1/31)
What are advantages and barriers to starting or maintaining a coalition? (SLIDE 1)
Why start a coalition?
Advantages
●To address an urgent situation.
●To empower elements of the community – or the community as a
whole – to take control of its future.
●To actually obtain or provide services.
●To bring about more effective and efficient delivery of programs and
eliminate any unnecessary duplication of effort.
●To pool resources.
●To increase communication among groups and break down
stereotypes.
●To revitalize the sagging energies of members of groups who are
trying to do too much alone.
●To plan and launch community-wide initiatives on a variety of
issues.
●To develop and use political clout to gain services or other benefits
for the community.
Barriers
●Turf issues.
●Bad history.
●Domination by “professionals” or some other elite.
●Poor links to the community.
●Minimal organizational capacity.
●Funding.
●Failure to provide and create leadership within the coalition.
●The perceived – or actual – costs of working together outweigh the
benefits for many coalition members.
In your own words, describe Labonte’s cautions for forming authentic partnerships— Romanticized, Bureaucratization, Anti-professionalism, and Decentralization. (Chapter 6)
●Contested meaning of community:
●Romanticization: can be viewed as strong communities which can go extreme such as the Ku Klux plan.
“Although it is important to accept community self-determination in principle, it is also vital to recognize that
what communities do for their own health may be inimical ( cause harm) to a broader public health.” (Minkler,2012)
●Bureaucratization: cautions for forming authentic partnerships includes
●Anti-professionalism:
●Decentralization:
●Self-help:
What are several examples of partnership structures you might want to implement in your organizing efforts?
Coalitions- Multiple organizations work together to achieve a similar goal.
Executive committee
Steering committee
Advisory committee
Board of Directors
TaskForce
Action team

What terrorist group do you believe is the greatest threat to the world today? To the United States?

Read the related chapters and watch the short clips below prior to addressing the following:

The Making and Unmaking of an Islamic Terrorist (Links to an external site.)
The Making and Unmaking of an Islamic Terrorist

When it comes to domestic terrorism, it's hard to ignore white nationalists (Links to an external site.)
When it comes to domestic terrorism, it's hard to ignore white nationalists

My Son Joined ISIS | Nicola Benyahia | (Links to an external site.)
My Son Joined ISIS | Nicola Benyahia |

How Islamist militant groups are gaining strength in Africa (Links to an external site.)
How Islamist militant groups are gaining strength in Africa

What terrorist group do you believe is the greatest threat to the world today? To the United States?
What specific argument can be made that combining terrorism and other transnational crime (such as drugs and human trafficking) units together will be more effective?
Finally, based on what you have learned throughout the semester, do you believe it is possible to significantly decrease terrorist incidents? If so, how do we accomplish this?