Tag: College Essay

Bryson, John M. , Strategic Planning for Public and NonProfit Organizations, latest edition,
Jossey- Bass.
Levy, John M. (2010). Contemporary Urban Planning, 9th ed. ISBN: 0205781594; ISBN-13:
9780205781591. Pearson Prentice-Hall.

Learning Outcomes: By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
Understand the role that planning has made in historic human settlement.
Explain the effects of the Roman Grid and Spanish Law of the Indies on the form of urban settlement in the U.S..
Evaluate the role of Marxism and social crises in the development of urban planning.
Compare and contrast the planning theories – comprehensive rational, incrementalism and mixed-scanning.

Identify each of the acts issued by parliament and describe how each led to a desire for colonial independence from the British.

Skinner and Freud: What is the Nature of Human Nature? (SF paper)

With respect to the question of whether humans are fundamentally “good,” “bad,” or neutral, B.F. Skinner and Sigmund Freud had very different perspectives. Freud, especially in his later years, had an extremely pessimistic view of humans as innately aggressive. Skinner’s neutral view, with its emphasis on the role of the social environment in determining human behavior, contrasts with the perspective of Freud. Each wrote books in the aftermath of a devastating world war. Freud presented his dark view of the human condition in Civilization and its Discontents, while Skinner presented his relatively optimistic view in Walden Two. Each work included the psychologist’s view of the relationship of the individual to society; with differing perspectives, for example, on the feasibility of a communist-type society.

The goal of this assignment is to compare and contrast these two views of the human condition, and to explore aspects of both psychologists’ own personality and life experiences which might have led to his views.

Your answer to this question should include the following:

Skinner:
(1) How was Skinner’s position on human nature, as presented in his novel Walden Two, essentially neutral. Include in your answer a description of the “behavioral engineering” that lies at the foundation of Walden Two, and show how behavioral engineering is based on Skinner’s principle of reinforcement, which in turn is based on Thorndike’s Law of Effect. Focus especially on techniques for the control of emotions (see especially pages 86-137, and 197-301). Be sure to describe specific examples, and to make explicit how they reflect the principle of reinforcement.
(2) What are the implications of Skinner’s perspective for the relationship of the individual to society—for example, given this perspective on human nature, do you think Skinner would believe that communist societies are feasible?
(3) What are some influences—both intellectual and personal—on Skinner’s adoption of a behaviorist view?

Freud
(1) Show how Freud’s view of human nature was far from neutral, and be sure to include how his views changed over the course of his life. Your answer should focus on Freud’s theory of the id: Describe his pre-war view of the id, as exemplified in Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis, and compare it to his post-war view, as we read about it in Chapter VI of Civilization and Its Discontents.
(2) What are the different implications of this perspective (versus Skinner’s) for the relationship of the individual to society?
(3) What intellectual and personal influences affected Freud’s original and changed views of human nature?

Your own view:
Of the two positions on human nature that you have written about above, which one do you agree with most? Here are some issues that you may want to include in your answer:
(1) What are some aspects of your own life that have been governed by the principles of reinforcement? Give examples with respect to: your family life, your education, your exposure to technology…Have they been helpful or unhelpful in your personal development? How so? Would you choose to raise your own children along these lines? Why/why not?

(2) Would you like to live in Walden Two? Why? Why not?

(3) Do you think William (and his brother Henry) James would have produced the same type of work if they’d been brought up in Walden Two? What are the implications of your answer for your evaluation of the two positions on human nature?

(4) Are there specific aspects of Freud’s early versus later views of human nature that you agree/disagree with? Do you think Freud was right to consider Eros and Thanatos to be universal instincts (the same across genders, families, societies)? How does your answer relate to Freud’s attitude toward communism?

In constructing your answer, the more evidence you give the better. For example, a strong answer to question (2) would include a comparison of Skinner’s fictional community to the outcome of actual communities modeled after Walden Two; a strong answer to question (4) might present evidence, for example, on similarities/differences across genders, families, societies…

Last, how do you think your own personality and life experiences have shaped your answer to this question?

The structure of the paper must include the following:

I. An introductory paragraph in which you present your thesis statement. The paragraph should begin with a sentence or two that grabs the interest of the reader, and ends with one or two sentences that are “pointers” for the reader (such as “In what follows I will…”).

II. The body of the paper, in which you address the specific questions posed above.
You must justify your answer with quotes from the readings. Extra credit will be given for using external sources. These must be either books, or papers in peer-reviewed journals.

III. A concluding paragraph, in which you summarize the gist of your essay.

The entire paper must be 8-9 pages, double-spaced, printed in Times New Roman, font size 12. Be sure to include short quotes from the readings to support your points. Most important, be sure to cite all sources, using the APA format (to be discussed in class). When you turn in your final version you must also re-submit the draft with my corrections on it.

Read Part 1 of LeHistory of Planning in the U.S.; Part One of Bryson.
Resources: Planning Theory. Levy. p. 416.
Comprehensive Rational Model
Incremental Model. Lindblom’s “The Science of Muddling Through
Mixed Scanning. Amati Etzioni, Strategic Planning as Mixed Scanning

Learning Outcomes:
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
Understand the role that planning has made in historic
human settlement.
Explain the effects of the
Roman Grid and Spanish Law of the Indies on the form
of urban settlement in the U.S..
Evaluate the role of Marxism and social crises in the development of urban planning.
Compare and contrast the planning theories -comprehensive rational, incrementalism and mixed scanning.

Case Study, Chapter 17, Caring for Clients in Shock
John Phillips, an 82-year-old male client weighing 70 kg, was admitted to a medical-surgical unit
from a nursing home with recent mental status changes. He is confused to place and time and
restless. He reports seeing puppies and children playing, and he knows they are not there. He has
a Foley catheter in place from the nursing home because he is incontinent of urine, and there is
cloudy foul-smelling dark amber urine with sediments of 100 mL present for the past 8 hours
according to the nursing home report. He has crackles and rhonchi in the right lower lobe of his
lung and coughs up yellow sputum. Vital signs: T, 95° F; BP, 88/60 mm Hg; HR, 130
beats/minute; RR, 32 breaths/minute; pulse oximeter, 88% on room air. The client denies any
pain or discomfort. The physician ordered blood cultures × 2 separate sites, a sputum culture and
a urine culture, which were obtained and sent to the lab. Oxygen was ordered 2 L per nasal
cannula; titrate to keep SaO2 90% or above. The nurse provided the oxygen, and the SaO2 is
90%. The physician wants to be called once the labs are obtained and results of the CBC and
renal profile are back. The ordered labs are on the chart and as follows: CBC: WBC, 15,000
mcL; RBC, 4.1 million; Hgb, 15 g/100 mL; Hct, 37%; Plt, 150,000.
Renal profile: BUN, 40 mg/dL; serum creatinine, 1.8 mg/dL; Na+, 135 mEq/L; Cl, 95 mEq/L;
K+, 4 mEq/L
The LPN/LVN needs to determine the necessary nursing management for the client, update the
RN, and talk with the physician for further orders.
(Learning Objective 11)
a. What is possibly causing the underlying shock symptoms, and why is the client afebrile?
b. What nursing management is needed for Mr. Phillips?

Select a health communication campaign that you would like to develop in your community or city based on one of the six most prevalent serious health problems currently faced by communities today, such as poverty, health security, and communicable diseases.

Based on your research, create a  report in a Microsoft Word document, including answers to the following questions:
Identify your chosen problem and elaborate why it is a health concern.
Identify how you will assess the need for the program. What type of data will you review?
How will you determine the target audience?

Write up a brief problem statement that puts the data you gather together as a problem, which is of concern for your target population. This is part of the first step in the health communication planning model.

1. In its study of special districts, the Little Hoover Commission makes five different recommendations regarding the visibility, design, and finances of independent special districts. Discuss the pros and cons of any three of those recommendations. Do you believe special purpose governments (districts) should be held to different standards than general purpose governments (cities and counties)? Why or why not?

Access the City of Albuquerque, New Mexico PD and the Plano, Texas PD, Cottonwood AZ, Scottsdale AZ strategic plans.
Locate those four cities/towns on the FBI UCR website and note the statistics with regard to property crimes in each city/ town. Choose the most current year that has full UCR data available (Do not use Preliminary Data).
Write a comparative analysis, depicting the differences of how the four various departments plan to address property crimes in their strategic plans.
Analyze how detailed each of the plans are and how well they communicate to stakeholders.
Research best practices in reducing property crimes. Analyze the four departments’ strategic approaches to reducing property crime. Describe how well the four departments are using these best practices in their strategic plans to reduce property crimes.
Evaluate the different approaches to reducing property crimes by the four agencies. Identify which department and explain why their strategy was most effective.

Your assignment is to analyze the Coca-Cola Corporation and its economic performance over the last five (5) years. You should begin with the last available reference year. Your Activity responses should be both grammatically and mechanically correct, and formatted in the same fashion as the Activity itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc.

Part A Your paper should begin with a description of Coca Cola. Describe the company’s main competitors. Assess the company’s performance over the past five years and document Coke’s profit and market share position.

Part B Identify which resources, core competencies, and distinctive competencies have allowed Coke to reach its level of success. Be sure to consider different measures of performance in your analysis and to compare (benchmark) the results you highlight with those of Coke’s competitors.

Part C Using a VRIO framework, build a table that addresses the value, rarity, limitability, and organization for each of the items you have identified above. Be very explicit in your explanations.

Part D Last, analyze whether the items discussed are likely to continue to yield a competitive advantage for Coke. Why or why not?