What events occurred in Timor Leste that led researchers to want to study the effects that trauma may have had on its citizens?

Article :Brooks, R., Silove, D., Steel, Z., Steel, C. B., & Rees, S. (2011). Explosive anger in postconflict Timor Leste: interaction of socio-economic disadvantage and past human rights-related trauma. Journal of affective disorders, 131(1-3), 268-276.

Question 1; What events occurred in Timor Leste that led researchers to want to study the effects that trauma may have had on its citizens?

Article; Hwang, J. C. (2018). Pathways into Terrorism: Understanding Entry into and Support for Terrorism in Asia. Terrorism and Political Violence, 30(6), 883-889. DOI: 10.1080/09546553.2018.1481186

Question 2: Identify Wiktorowicz’s four factors. How can these factors be applied to Nuraniyah’s study?

Classmates response:

Article: ; Hwang, J. C. (2018). Pathways into Terrorism: Understanding Entry into and Support for Terrorism in Asia. Terrorism and Political Violence, 30(6), 883-889. DOI: 10.1080/09546553.2018.1481186

Question 2: Identify Wiktorowicz’s four factors. How can these factors be applied to Nuraniyah’s study?

Response; According to the article , Wiktorowicz’s Four Factors are focused on how one individual might become a terrorist. These four factors start with a cognitive switch caused wither by identity crisis, discrimination or repression, which causes a change in one’s prior held beliefs. The second factor is when one encounters radical social movement activists while in the process of religious seeking. The third factor is frame alignment and the final factor is the deliberate act of “re-culturing” or socializing completely into a new world view (Hwang, 2018). When someone experiences all four of these conditions, the interplay of emotions caused by them may make them more likely to become a terrorist. Similarly, Nuraniyah developed a theory surrounding the ways that migrant worker women might become IS sympathizers. in this study, Nuraniyah explains that these women have experiences a cultural and cognitive opening, just as Wiktorowicz explained, that caused their beliefs to shift. Especially when they were living abroad and were separated from their families. These women searched for social and religious answers and along the way, came in contact with IS sympathizer groups, which began to shape their beliefs and change their attitudes (Hwang, 2018).